EM FX was mixed last week as the dollar put in a mixed performance against the majors. ZAR, TWD, and BRL outperformed while HUF, PEN, and CLP underperformed. Developments in the U.S. this week will determine the near-term outlook for EM. We expect the Fed to keep rates steady but push back against imminent easing, while the jobs data should support our view that the economy remains robust. This should help the dollar gain.
AMERICAS
Brazil reports December central government budget data Monday. A primary deficit of -BRL117.6 bln vs. -BRL39.4 bln in November. COPOM meets Wednesday and is expected to cut rates 50 bp to 11.25%. Mid-January IPCA inflation fell to 4.47% y/y, the lowest since mid-August and further within the 1.75-4.75% target range. December IP will be reported Friday and is expected at -0.3% y/y vs. 1.3% in November.
Mexico reports Q4 GDP data Tuesday. Growth is expected at 0.4% q/q vs. 1.1% in Q3, while the y/y rate is expected at 3.0% vs. 3.3% in Q3. If so, it would be the slowest y/y growth since Q4 2021. Banco de Mexico will come under pressure to start the easing cycle, but inflation picked up in mid-January and remains elevated. Next policy meeting is February 8, and no change is expected then. However, the March 21 meeting is in play if inflation falls in the coming weeks.
Chile reports December IP and retail sales Wednesday. Manufacturing production is expected at 1.7% y/y vs. 4.5% in November, while sales are expected at -2.2% y/y vs. -2.4% in November. The central bank meets later that day and is expected to cut rates 100 bp to 7.25%. However, a handful of analysts look for a smaller 75 bp cut. December GDP proxy will be reported Thursday and is expected at 0.7% y/y vs. 1.2% in November.
Colombia central bank meets Wednesday and is expected to cut rates 50 bp to 12.5%. However, the market is split nearly 50-50 between 25 and 50 bp cuts, with one analyst looking for a 75 bp cut. At the last meeting December 19, the bank started the easing cycle with a 25 bp cut to 13.0%. The vote was 5-2, with the dissents in favor of steady rates. Given those cautious dissents, we lean towards a 25 bp hike this week.
Peru reports January CPI Thursday. Headline is expected at 3.18% y/y vs. 3.24% in December. If so, inflation would be the lowest since May 2021 and nearing the 1-3% target range. With inflation falling steadily, the bank continues to cut rates at 25 bp clips. Next meeting is February 8 and another 25 bp cut to 6.25% is likely.
EUROPE/MIDDLE EAST/AFRICA
National Bank of Hungary meets Tuesday and is expected to cut rates 100 bp to 9.75%. If so, the pace would pick up from 75 bp the past several meetings. The bank has room to ease in order to support the modest recovery in domestic economic activity. Inflation in Hungary continues to decelerate broadly, falling to 5.5% y/y in December from a high of over 25% y/y last January. The bank forecasts strong disinflation to continue in early 2024. As such real rates will likely remain positive and in favor of a firm HUF. December PPI will be reported Wednesday.
ASIA
Korea reports December IP Wednesday. IP is expected at 4.3% y/y vs. 5.3% in November. January trade data will be reported Thursday. Exports are expected at 18.4% y/y vs. 5.0% in December, while imports are expected at -9.2% y/y vs. -10.8% in December. January CPI will be reported Friday. Headline is expected at 2.9% y/y vs. 3.2% in December, while core is expected at 2.7% y/y vs. 2.8% in December. If so, headline would be the lowest since July but still above the 2% target. The next Bank of Korea meeting is February 22, and no change is expected then.
China reports official January PMIs Wednesday. Manufacturing is expected at 49.2 vs. 49.0 in December, while non-manufacturing is expected at 50.6 vs. 50.4 in December. If so, the composite would likely rise a couple of ticks from 50.3 in December. Caixin reports preliminary January manufacturing PMI Thursday and is expected to rise a tick to 50.9. While recent PMI readings suggest the economy is stabilizing, we do not expect a robust recovery in 2024. Meanwhile, policymakers continue to support the equity market, this time by halting securities lending of certain shares for short selling.
Indonesia reports January CPI Thursday. Headline is expected at 2.55% y/y vs. 2.61% in December, while core is expected to remain steady at 1.80% y/y. If so, headline would fall for the second straight month and remain well within the 2-4% target range. However, Bank Indonesia remains concerned about rupiah weakness and cannot afford to cut rates anytime soon. Next policy meeting is February 21 and rates are expected to be kept steady at 6.0%.